TS1029

error TS1029: ‘public’ modifier must precede ‘abstract’ modifier.

Broken Code ❌

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abstract class Animal {
  abstract public makeNoise(): string;
}

Fixed Code ✔️

They keywords public, private, and protected define the access to a class member. Access modifiers have to be defined first in TypeScript.

Solution 1:

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abstract class Animal {
  public abstract makeNoise(): string;
}

Solution 2:

The visibility is public by default, so you don’t have to explicitly declare it:

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abstract class Animal {
  abstract makeNoise(): string;
}

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